Return on Investment

Research and development is an investment for nations, for companies, and for universities.
Since it is an investment, you need to always validate any return on investment, and continue to feedback to the research and development team.
The research and development costs. As you spend much money, many theses and reports will appear. It can make many experiments, and fulfill simulations utilizing computers.
However, even you spend huge expenses for research and development, the outcome does not necessarily make profits.
It just accumulates documents, blueprints, and data on computers. But it does not become profit for companies, universities and nations.
The objective of research and development is not just writing theses and reports. The objective is to make the outcome useful for the world, and become profitable for companies, universities and nations that have invested.
However, R & D is not necessarily guaranteed to progress as speculated by those who invested.
It is not uncommon that phenomenon unexpected and issues happen. It is not rare the team take actions that are not get along with investors' will.
And sometimes, the research and development make excellent outcome that investors have not even expected.
It is not recommended that investors speak to the R & D team frequently, but it is important to make the team aware of return on investment concept.

*Return to Process of Research and Development

About Research and Development

Definition of Research and Development
In a business, in national research institutes, or in college, a variety of research and development have been made. Many people are engaged in work as research positions, and a lot of product are developed and produced every year.
Position and Meaning of Research and Development
For organizations such as nations, companies, and universities, there is an important meaning to make research and development. In addition, the future of the organization and results of research and development will vary greatly depending on how they position the research and development.
The Goal of Research and Development
It is said that when you do something, it is good to set targets and goals. As long as you can see your goal clearly, you can go there straight without seeing different direction, via the shortest distance toward there. The existence of goal will motivate people to go there.
Product of Chance by the Research and Development
What research and development is looking for? What should be the outcome? What would be the difference between effective research and developments and not effective ones? To make research and development to make more outcome, it is important how to deal with "products of chance".
Imagination and Change
Why is research and development made? What are the objectives? Various research and development has been carried out in institutions of such as nations, companies, and universities. And there is a common purpose in the research and development of them.

Plan of Research and Development

Motivation and Intention of Investors
There is a reason why companies, universities and nations invest in research and development. Basically, it is for profit if company, it is for the prosperity and prestige if the nation and it is for the empowerment to the progress of science if university.
Challenge and Solution
Challenge is required to proceed with the research and development. Research and development can make outcome by finding a challenge, and making a solution. So, the first thing to do is to find a challenge.
Checkpoint of Research and Development
It is very obscure from the outside if the research and development is successful or is stagnated. It does not work anymore with trying to manage insistently and profusely. But you can not leave the research and development team go.
Understanding Needs
How much should we invest for research and development? Also, what plan should we make? The planning and investment for research and development varies greatly depending on how you understand the needs and how you satisfy them.
Constraints and Freedom of Research and Development Plan
Planning of research and development is very important. The outcome of that research and development is largely determined by the plan. Sometimes the plan itself becomes a drag to discourage research and development and prevent to raise achievements.

Management of Research and Development

Human Management of Research and Development
How do go to manage the team members of research and development, is a very important task in the promotion of research and development. Also to the success of the research and development, it is important to manage firmly the team members.
How to Determine the R & D Budget
The research and development costs. By watching research and development of companies, universities, and nations, some have made huge outcome proceeded solemnly with very small budged, and some have failed and made no outcome even they have spent huge amount of money and proceeds gorgeously.
Schedule Management of Research and Development
The research and development is to analyze unknown phenomena or events that are considered as common sense, and to send new products and new system to the world by combination of new ideas so as to make our future better one.
Outcome Management of Research and Development
You can get a lot of achievements by advancing the research and development. Sometimes results obtained by research and development are evaluated immediately, some are not evaluated at all, some take a long time to be evaluated.
Process Management
Do you think there is some decided process to research and development? Is it possible to obtain creative and innovative results by the repetition of the same way and a certain pattern? Or, can't we manage the process of research and development?

Output

Thesis
Thesis is one of the most important results of research and development. It is a paper that was summarized purposes, background, contents, test results, and reviews for research and development, so as to make them effective for other researchers.
Report
While advancing the research and development, we perform sequential review of planning and accumulate the results of discussion and experimental data. The information is usually summarized in the form of a report, and will be distributed to stakeholders.
Blueprint
An important outcome of the research and development is blueprint. By making blueprint conception and planning of research and development team is going to be embodied. And the issues to resolve are clarified to enhance the completeness.

Effect of Research and Development

Return on Investment
Research and development is an investment for nations, for companies, and for universities.
Sobering Reflection and Multi-facted Evaluation
Some research and development make big results, some little. You may be reluctant to reflect the research and development that made few results. But reflection is important for the next success.
Innovation and Reflection of the Organization
Research and development does not necessarily make results that are expected by the organization such as companies, universities, and nations. The team often proceed the research and development that do not meet the wishes of the organizations, and make results against the organizations' interests.